Ethyl Lactate

Product Name:

Ethyl lactate

Synonyms:

excel grade ethyl lactate;2-[[4-(phenylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]isoindole-1,3-dione;ETHYL LACTATE NATURAL FCC;ETHYL LACTATE SOLVENT GRADE;Ethyl-2-hydrxypropionate;EthyI lactate;Ethyl rac-lactate;Purasolv ELS

CAS:

97-64-3

MF:

C5H10O3

MW:

118.13

EINECS:

202-598-0

Product Categories:

Food additive and acidulant;fine chemical;solvent;Pyridines;ACETYLGROUP

Mol File:

97-64-3.mol

Melting point 

-26°C

alpha 

D14 -10°

Boiling point 

151°C

density 

1.03

FEMA 

2440 | ETHYL LACTATE

refractive index 

1.4124

Fp 

46°C

solubility 

Miscible with water (with partial decomposition), ethanol (95%), ether, chloroform, ketones, esters, and hydrocarbons.

pka

13.21±0.20(Predicted)

Odor

Mild characteristic.

optical activity

[α]20/D 10.5°, neat

JECFA Number

931

Merck 

14,3817

Stability:

Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

InChIKey

LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

CAS DataBase Reference

97-64-3(CAS DataBase Reference)

NIST Chemistry Reference

Propanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, ethyl ester(97-64-3)

EPA Substance Registry System

Ethyl lactate (97-64-3)

Hazard Codes 

Xi

Risk Statements 

10-37-41

Safety Statements 

24-26-39

RIDADR 

1192

WGK Germany 

1

RTECS 

OD5075000

HazardClass 

3.2

PackingGroup 

III

HS Code 

29181100

Hazardous Substances Data

97-64-3(Hazardous Substances Data)

Chemical properties

It appears as colorless to light yellow transparent liquid with rum, fruit and cream aroma. The freezing point:-25 ° C; the boiling point: 154 ° C, specific rotation [a] 14d:-10 °. It is easily soluble in ethanol, acetone, ether, esters and other organic solvents; there is some degree of hydrolysis upon being miscible with water. Mouse oral LD50: 2.5g/kg, ADI is subject to no special provisions (FAO/WHO, 1994).

Uses

Ethyl lactate is the food spices allowed in our country, commonly used in modulation of fruit flavor, lactic acid-type food and wine flavor. The dosage is 1000mg/kg in alcoholic beverage, 580-3100mg/kg in chewing gum, 71mg/kg in baked food, 28mg/kg in candy and 17mg/kg in cold drink according to normal production requirement.
GB 2760-96 provides it as allowable food flavors, being the carrier solvent. As a spice, it is mainly used for preparation of rum, milk, butter, grapes, fruit wine, coconut and other type of flavor.
It is used as the solvent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate, also used in perfumery industry

Usage limit

FEMA (mg/mL): Soften drink: 5.4; Cold drinks: 17; Candies 28; baked goods 71; pudding class 8.3; gums 580 to 3100; alcohol 1000; syrup 35.
Take moderate as limit (FDA § 172.515, 2000).

Toxicity

ADI is not subject to specific special provisions (FAO/WHO, 1994).
GRAS (FEMA).
LD50 2500 mg/kg (mouse, oral).

Content analysis

About 0.7 g of the sample was accurately weighed and then assayed as in Method I (OT-18). The equivalent factor (e) in the calculation is 59.07.
Or measured by the nonpolar column method according to GT-10-4;

Chemical Properties

Ethyl lactate has a light ethereal, buttery odor.

Uses

Ethyl lactate, for instance, is used in the electronics industry to remove salts and fat from circuit boards; it is also a component in paint strippers.

Uses

As solvent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate.

Uses

Ethyl Lactate is a solvent manufactured from l(+) lactic acid which is miscible in water and most organic solvents and is cleared for use as a flavoring agent. it is a naturally occurring constituent of california and spanish sherries. it is a clear, colorless, nontoxic liquid of low volatility, having a ph of 7–7.5. it is used as a food and beverage flavoring agent.

Production Methods

Ethyl lactate is produced by the esterification of lactic acid with ethanol in the presence of a little mineral oil, or by combination of acetaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid to form acetaldehyde cyanhydrin. This is followed by treatment with ethanol (95%) and hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. Purification is achieved using fractional distillation. The commercial product is a racemic mixture.

Preparation

d-Ethyl lactate is obtained from d-lactic acid by azeotropic distillation with ethyl alcohol or benzene in the presence of concentrated H2SO4; the l-form is prepared in a similar fashion starting from l-lactic acid; the racemic product is prepared by boiling for 24 hours optically inactive lactic acid with ethyl alcohol in carbon tetrachloride, or with an excess of ethyl alcohol in the presence of chlorosulfonic acid, or in the presence of benzenesulfonic acid in benzene solution.

Aroma threshold values

Detection: 50 to 250 ppm

Taste threshold values

Taste characteristics at 50 ppm: sweet, fruity, creamy, and pineapplelike with a caramellic brown nuance.

General Description

A clear colorless liquid with a mild odor. Flash point 115°F. Denser than water and soluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.

Air & Water Reactions

Flammable. Soluble in water.

Reactivity Profile

Ethyl lactate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.

Hazard

Moderate fire risk.

Health Hazard

Inhalation of concentrated vapor may cause drowsiness. Contact with liquid causes mild irritation of eyes and (on prolonged contact) skin. Ingestion may cause narcosis.

Fire Hazard

HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Pharmaceutical Applications

formulationsand recently as a co-solvent in emulsions and microemulsion technologies. It has also been used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose ethers, polyvinyl and other resins. It has been applied topically in the treatment of acne vulgaris,where it accumulates in the sebaceous glands and is hydrolyzed to ethanol and lactic acid, lowering the skin pH and exerting a bactericidal effect.

storage

Stable at normal temperature and pressure. Ethyl lactate is a flammable liquid and vapor. Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated location away from any fire hazard area, in a tightly closed container.

Incompatibilities

Incompatible with bases or strong alkalis and may cause fire or explosion with strong oxidizing agents.

Regulatory Status

GRAS listed. Reported in the EPA TSCA Inventory.

Preparation Products

Ethyl pyruvate-->Pyruvic acid-->Ethyl bromopyruvate-->Ethyl L(-)-lactate-->VINCLOZOLIN-->4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone-->LACTAMIDE

Raw materials

Etanol-->Lactic acid-->HOLMIUM OXIDE-->hydracide-->Lactonitrile-->Fatty acid (C10～C20)-->L-Lactide-->dextrolactic acid